Estructura y políticas de la comunicación

The European Media and Communication Doctoral Summer School brings together a group of highly qualified doctoral students as well as lecturing senior researchers and professors from a diversity of European countries. The main objective of the fourteen-day summer school is to organise an innovative learning process at doctoral level, focusing primarily on enhancing the quality of individual dissertation projects through an intercultural and interdisciplinary exchange and networking programme. This said, the summer school is not merely based on traditional postgraduate teaching approaches like lectures and workshops. The summer school also integrates many group-centred and individual approaches, especially an individualised discussion of doctoral projects, peer-to-peer feedback – and a joint book production.

The topic “Media Practice and Everyday Agency in Europe” is dedicated to the fundamental question: How is media change related to the everyday agency and sense making practices of the people in Europe? This volume consists of the intellectual work of the 2113 European Media and Communication Doctoral Summer School, organized in cooperation with the European Communication Research and Education Association (ECREA) at the ZeMKI, the Centre for Media, Communication and Information Research of the University of Bremen, Germany. The chapters cover relevant research topics, structured into four sections: “Dynamics of Mediatization”, “Transformations”, “Methods”, and “The Social”.

Media, Environment and the Network Society provides a timely and far-reaching analysis of the shifting role of the media in covering some of the most important global environmental challenges we face today. Anderson examines the influential theory of 'network society' and discusses its significance for understanding the nature of contemporary environmental activism and the media politics of the environment. She argues that the success of an environmental campaign cannot be judged by media visibility alone. Among the key questions the book seeks to address are: What factors trigger particular environmental stories to make their way into the headlines while others are ignored? How do issue attention cycles operate? And how do some actors seek to keep issues off the agenda? The chapters focus specifically on climate change, the Deepwater Horizon oil disaster and emerging technologies such as synthetic biology and nanotechnology.

European institutions affect the day-to-day functioning of film, television, radio and the Internet. Their 'meddling' with media provokes many tensions, most importantly with member states including France, Germany, Belgium and Hungary. In addition, Europe's intervention is often deemed overly economic in approach, focusing on the success of an internal market – to the detriment of public interest objectives such as pluralism, diversity and universality. This handbook sheds light on these tensions through state-of-the-art, scientific contributions on various domains of European media policies. The overall aim of this handbook is to explore key concepts and theoretical approaches to European media policy: its historical development; specific policies for film, television, radio and the Internet; competition law and its effect on the media sector; and international aspects of the fragmented policy domain.

What are the characteristics that render the media free and independent, and do European media policies develop in ways that promote media freedom and independence? What are the main constraints or threats to the operation of free and independent media, and what are the policy processes, institutional structures, regulatory practices and tools that can help counteract these? In a period of profound changes brought to the media ecosystem, media consumption and use, Media Policies Revisited explores key features of media policies and regulation in fourteen countries, investigating their strengths and weaknesses in the protection of media freedom and the promotion of independent media behaviour. Standing at the crossroads of media studies and legal and media governance research, this volume of groundbreaking essays offers fresh thinking on the conditions under which media policies can support free and independent media, providing a valuable reference for students, scholars, policy-makers and regulators.

Small nations are growing in prominence. In 1951, there were 22 sovereign European states with a population below 18 million. Today there are 36 – not to mention many more stateless nations. What are the particular characteristics of the media in small nations? What challenges do broadcasters and other media institutions in these countries face, how can these be overcome, and are there advantages to operating in a small national context? How are small nations represented on screen, and how do audiences in small nations engage with the media? Bringing together perspectives from across Europe, including case-studies on Catalonia, the Basque Country, Wales, Scotland, Iceland, Portugal, Slovenia and Macedonia, this collection answers these questions. At the same time, it provides readers with insights into broader issues of media policy, representation, national identity, transnationalism, audience reception and media research methods. With European media institutions and practitioners coming to terms with the changes brought about by digitisation and globalisation against a backdrop of financial uncertainty, this collection offers a timely contribution to debates about the media in Europe. Contributors include: Steve Blandford, John Newbigin, Sally Broughton Micova, Josep Àngel Guimerà, Ana Fernández Viso, Agnes Schindler, Dilys Jones, Trish Reid, Jacqui Cochrane, Anabela de Sousa Lopes and Merris Griffiths.

El libro centra su voluntad de saber en dos acciones concretas: en un primer momento, en desarrollar los diferentes momentos y etapas por las cuales ha transitado el proceso de institucionalización del campo académico de la comunicación en América Latina a partir de crear un recuento histórico mínimo del origen de los procesos de habituación y tipificación institucional. En un segundo momento, en desarrollar una aproximación a las características estructurales y de hondo arraigo que definen a la producción de conocimiento de la investigación latinoamericana en comunicación.

Following the trend of sharing more personal information, and associating being on-line with being 'on-life', many people are now demanding the ownership and control of their data across all processing phases, including the erasure of their presence on the web. In Europe, recent proposals for regulation include an explicit 'Right to be Forgotten'. This right stated in the European Commission Proposal for Regulation COM 2111/12 has not emerged without controversy. It is being criticised on several grounds, including clashing with other rights, such as freedom of expression, as well as setting the terrain for censorship. Besides the purely legal aspects of the proposed provisions, the chapters of this volume discuss how those legal provisions correspond in practice to worldviews and how individual and collective memory should be governed. They look into the deeper consequences of such provisions to construction of identity, culture and community formation, and how such a right affects how, what and why individuals, groups and societies remember and forget.

Transparency 2.1 investigates a host of emerging issues around the collision of information and personal privacy in a digital world. Delving into the key legal concepts of information access and privacy, such as practical obscurity, the U.S. Supreme Court’s central purpose test, and Europe’s emerging concept of the «right to be forgotten», contributors examine issues regarding online access to court records, social media, access to email, and complications from massive government data dumps by Wikileaks, Edward Snowden, and others. They offer solutions to resolving conflict and look to the future as a new generation learns to live in an open digital world where the line between information and privacy blurs ever faster. This book is ideal for anyone interested in the legal battlefield over access and privacy, as well as for classes in the law of the media and First Amendment, privacy, journalism, and public affairs.

Media Systems and Communication Policies in Latin America analyzes the conflicting roles that global, regional, and local forces play in the shaping of media systems, policies, and industries in Latin America. These forces have developed what is called a captured liberal model, which is used as a theoretical concept to explain the communication policies, the configuration of media systems, the realities of journalism or the contexts of cultural industries in the region. The intentional lack of regulation enforcement, the pragmatic exercise of power, and the configuration of alliances between media barons and political elites all help to explain why private media developed early and why its concentration is so high in Latin America. Moreover, the fact that media conglomerates emerged under the auspices of dictatorships and authoritarian rule clashes with the existing assumptions that
private ownership entails distance and autonomy from the state. Their emergence also dispels the assumption that authoritarian states need to employ harsh regulation and secure administration or control of the media to better exert and legitimize power. This collection aims to offer fresh perspectives on old issues that have long preoccupied the academic community in Latin America.

La televisión en España nace el 28 de octubre de 1956. Desde entonces hasta 2114, el fenómeno televisivo en particular y el audiovisual en su conjunto han experimentado y viven importantes cambios en sus ingresos, en la tecnología para su difusión y en las infraestructuras que le dan soporte. También, como no podía ser ajeno a ello, la legislación del sector audiovisual ha vivido una intensa evolución en paralelo a los cambios sociales, políticos, tecnológicos y económicos de la sociedad española. Una de las señas de identidad que conformaban el marco jurídico del audiovisual español era la dispersión normativa, la inseguridad jurídica. Entre 1980 y 2010, se aprobaron una pléyade de normas que conducían a situaciones de confusión regulatoria. Con la aprobación de la Ley 7/2010, General de la Comunicación Audiovisual, parecía que se entraba en un estadio de madurez, pero la estabilidad duró poco con las modificaciones introducidas en la legislación en 2012. La legislación televisiva sigue los pasos del servicio que presta, cambia temporada a temporada junto con sus audiencias.