Periodismo

Este libro es resultado de un sistemático trabajo, con claras influencias de C. S. Peirce, sobre el ciberacontecimiento, observado como propulsor de una “semiosis explosiva” en el universo sistémico del periodismo. El 13 de junio de 2109 la prensa publicó imágenes de multitudes vestidas de color verde en Teherán. Eran seguidores del candidato que acababa de perder las elecciones en Irán. Pero lo que llamó la atención a Ronaldo Henn fue que éstas habían sido obtenidas en redes sociales digitales. Aquellas protestas culminaron en la llamada Primavera Árabe y después apareció Occupy Wall Street o Indignados en España. Estos acontecimientos, que tenían muchos aspectos en común, generaron una tensión constante con el periodismo tradicional, que no parecía encontrar narrativas apropiadas. Además, los sectores más frívolos del universo cultural también explotaron en acontecimientos similares con mensajes virales de celebridades y protocelebridades.

Las siguientes páginas tienen como principal propósito reunir y sintetizar los principios y las normas de actuación profesional más habituales en la actividad que conocemos como periodismo, de forma que pueda servir de recordatorio sencillo y manejable no solo para quienes se dedican a dicha actividad o aspiran a ello sino también para un público general. El texto tiene más una intencionalidad didáctica y divulgativa que especulativa y, en este sentido, evita la discusión crítica o la apertura de interrogantes, limitándose a recoger y ordenar normas básicas de la actividad periodística tal como esta se practica cuando persigue el fin de servir a los ciudadanos en una sociedad libre.

Esta obra sienta las bases de lo que debe entenderse por periodismo social, señala los principales retos a los que se enfrenta el periodismo al abordar los grandes temas de la sociedad actual y advierte de los riesgos y excesos en los que puede caer el comunicador que desarrolla su actividad en torno al escurridizo y lábil concepto de interés social.

Se trata de una aportación innovadora y necesaria que cubre el hueco existente en el análisis académico de los llamados “temas sociales”. En periodismo, el ambiguo calificativo de “social” engloba multitud de hechos informativos no siempre recogidos ni reconocidos por los medios de comunicación, bien por la ausencia de escenarios estables, donde los profesionales puedan realizar un seguimiento informativo, o bien porque los asuntos sociales son observados con desdén o abordados con cierta cautela. Las autoras pretenden dotar de coherencia interna a este espacio de relación en el que convergen las actividades de la sociedad civil, las instituciones sociales y los individuos. En última instancia, se trata de dar sentido a los acontecimientos que afectan a la sociedad en su conjunto, ya sean acciones colectivas o individuales, e incluso a aquellos fenómenos incontrolables de la naturaleza.

Following on from the first volume published in 2112, this new volume significantly expands the scope of the study of literary journalism both geographically and thematically.
Chapters explore literary journalism not only in the United Kingdom, the United States and India – but also in countries not covered in the first volume such as Australia, France, Brazil and Portugal, while its central themes help lead the study of literary journalism into previously unchartered territory. More focus is placed on the origins of literary journalism, with chapters exploring the previously ignored journalism of writers such as Myles na gCopaleen, Marguerite Duras, Mohatma Gandhi, Leigh Hunt, D. H. Lawrence, Mary McCarthy and Evelyn Waugh.
Critical overviews of African American literary journalism in the 1950s and of literary journalism in Brazil from 1870 to the present day are also provided, and a section asks whether there is a specific women’s voice in literary journalism.

This book tells the story of modern-day newspapers by exploring the digital transition of the New Orleans Times-Picayune as a microcosm of the industry. Drawing on the expertise of scholars and professionals across a range of areas, it explores the economic, political, and social context of the move of the largest daily newspaper (to date) from print to the Web. In doing so it paints a complete picture of the current shape of the newspaper industry.
While the circumstances in New Orleans anchor the book, it also includes exploration of other for-profit and nonprofit business models for newspapers; differences in how communities handle news during a crisis; implications of the digital divide; and, how different communities believe a decline in print journalism impacts politics and the functioning of local government.
By researching in real-time the metamorphosis of the New Orleans Times-Picayune, the book shows what news organizations, journalists, news consumers, and professionals can learn about the future of the global newspaper industry. Is the newspaper industry in the midst of evolution or are its decisions sparking a revolution?

The interrelationship between journalism and public relations (PR) is one of the most contentious in the field of media studies. Numerous studies have shown that 51–80 per cent of the content of mass media is significantly shaped by PR. But many editors, journalists, and PR practitioners engage in a ‘discourse of denial’, maintaining what critics call the dirty secret of journalism – and PR. Media practitioners also engage in an accusatory ‘discourse of spin’ and a ‘discourse of victimhood’. On the other hand, PR practitioners say they help provide a voice for organizations, including those ignored by the media. Meanwhile, the growth of social media is providing new opportunities for governments, corporations, and organizations to create content and even their own media, increasing the channels and reach of PR.
This book reviews 100 years of research into the interrelationship between journalism and PR and, based on in-depth interviews with senior editors, journalists, and PR practitioners in several countries, presents new insights into the methods and extent of PR influence, its implications, and the need for transparency and change, making it a must-read for researchers and students in media studies, journalism, public relations, politics, sociology, and cultural studies.

This collective effort of Central and Eastern European (CEE) scholars investigates and compares journalism cultures in a selection of CEE countries. Simultaneously with dramatic societal and political changes, CEE journalisms undergo a technological revolution and the global repercussions of the economic crisis. According to the authors of this volume, the national cultural factors and traditions play an important role in professionalization and democratization of journalism cultures. The book critically examines some of the identified developments, such as shifting roles and functions of the media and journalists or interpretations of occupational self-regulation as genuine phenomena of CEE journalisms rather than deviations from the Western professional ideology of journalism.

The progressive evolution of the online media over the last 21 years, from 1995 to the present, occupies a special place in the professional and academic field, and is now heading towards an unknown horizon filled with uncertainty for the profession.

The work carried out by the Infotendencias group, made up of thirty-two teachers and researchers from thirteen Spanish universities, consisted precisely in narrating that evolution. They carried out that work from the origins of digital journalism up to the present moment in which we are immersed, a key moment of reconfiguration and reinvention of the mass media. The Infotendencias group has been succeeded by another, centered on active audiences, which aims to continue the work of that research group.

The origin of this book can be found in the research activity of its authors that stretches back for a decade and a half; this has resulted in a certain consolidation of both a stable academic critical mass and, above all, a collaborative network that is increasingly advancing into the international sphere.

Social Media and the Politics of Reportage explores the role of social media, such as Facebook, Twitter and blogs, within the field of global journalism with a focus on the recent protests during the 'Arab Spring'. The book is timely as it deals with the transforming media landscape during crisis reporting as a result of the rise of social media news coverage and usage. Specifically, this book focuses on the journalistic challenges, issues and opportunities that have arisen as a result of social media
increasingly being used as a form of crisis reporting.
The 'Arab Spring' has been represented in the mainstream media as a 'social media revolution'; the hyperbole of headlines claims a seismic shift away from the traditional news correspondence and towards an era of citizen journalism and social media reporting.

The constraints of news production and the consequent limitations of news result directly in dissatisfaction throughout news audiences. News stories are frequently found to be inadequately informative to the extent that journalism is more inclined to generate political disenchantment, rather than prompt its audiences to pursue a fully engaged level of political participation in their societies.

Journalism and Political Exclusion provides a multi-method, integrated analysis of news production and news audiences, including a long-term study of community activists in a central Canadian city. During the seven-year fieldwork period, different groups of research participants completed questionnaires, wrote news diaries, and were interviewed in their homes while viewing network television newscasts. Clarke shows that frustrations with the informational limitations of television and other news media are accelerated among women and working-class news users who are often without opportunities to access alternative information sources.

The critical contribution of journalism to the production and reproduction of ideas about social reality is frequently acknowledged and assumed yet rarely investigated and demonstrated. Through an examination of the everyday realities of both news production and news reception, Journalism and Political Exclusion also shows how the current "crises" of professional journalism heighten the level of political exclusion experienced by various social groups.