Sociología de la comunicación

Cultural traditions transmitted within the primary and secondary migratory communities of the Caribbean are continually subject to loss, gain and reinterpretation. Communication practices play a role in these processes as they help to sustain and challenge the diasporic subjectivities of the Caribbean. This volume seeks to explore the influence of embodied, discursive and mediated communicative forms on the construction and maintenance of Caribbean diasporic communities.

The objectives for the book are two-fold. The general objective is to contribute to discourse on diasporic identity and performativity. The more specific aim of the book is to present a more complex picture of peoples from the Caribbean region and their diasporic communities.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Kamille Gentles-Peart and Maurice L. Hall

Part I: Media and the Caribbean Diaspora
Virile Bodies, Docile Subjects: The Representation of Black Caribbean Masculinities in Mainstream International Media Targeting Female T ourists

Nickesia S. Gordon

(Mis) Perception of American Media Reality: Narrating Dissonance in the Actuality of Cultural Assimilation

Jennifer M. Keane-Dawes

Indo-Caribbean Folk Music from Oral Tradition to Cyberculture

Peter Manuel

Part II: Cultural Performances and Caribbean Identity

Play Mas: The Forging of a Caribbean Diaspora

Ken Archer

Reasoning on Rastafari: African Authenticity, Caribbean Identity and Mass Popularity

Osei Alleyne

Shango Dances Across the Water: Music and the Re-Construction of Trinidadian Orisha in New York City

Ryan Bazinet

ABOUT THE EDITORS

Kamille Gentles-Peart, PhD, is currently Assistant Professor of Communication at Roger Williams University, Rhode Island, USA.

Maurice L. Hall, PhD, is Chair and Associate Professor in the Communication Department at Villanova University, Pennsylvania, USA.

Les différentes approches de la question des réactions du « public », aussi difficile soit-il de définir ce terme, conçoivent celles-ci comme étant déterminées, soit par la structure de l’œuvre, par le contexte historique et culturel dans lequel cette réception se déroule, ou par les caractéristiques individuelles de ce public, lecteur ou spectateur. Ce recueil propose de faire le point sur l’état de la recherche actuelle, et d’offrir de nouvelles perspectives dans l’étude de la réception, et de la manière dont elle évolue et conditionne notre rapport à l’art. Les travaux présentés ici se concentrent sur la littérature et surtout le cinéma, et visent à croiser des perspectives que la critique considère souvent comme incompatibles, qu’il s’agisse de l’approche textuelle (analyse de la structure formelle d’une œuvre), de l’étude des relations privilégiées entre un film et son public, de l’analyse du discours critique et de son évolution, où des rapports et de l’influence réciproques entre les deux modes d’expression. Il s’agit dans tous les cas de favoriser un dialogue entre des approches théoriques souvent isolées.

Esta obra es una continuación del bestseller El normal caos del amor, (publicado en 2101), en el que Elisabeth y Ulrich Beck explicaban cómo la sociedad moderna había dado al traste, en gran medida, con el concepto de familia tradicional y explicaban los diferentes tipos de relación amorosa surgidos al hilo de la contemporaneidad.

En este nuevo ella los autores investigan todos los tipos de relación a larga distancia y las diferentes formas de comunicación que permiten que estas se mantengan y consoliden. Desde los matrimonios cuyos integrantes viven en países distintos y que conectan culturas y continentes hasta las relaciones que se mantienen a través de Skype, pasando por las madres “de alquiler” contratadas en países en los que esta práctica es legal, etc. A resultas de todo ello, las familias han dejado de ser “territoriales” para convertirse en “globales”.

Esto tiene sus inconvenientes, porque, al final, puede darse la paradoja de que las personas que más queremos estén muy lejos de nosotros y que, en cambio, las que tenemos a nuestro lado nos resulten absolutamente ajenas. Sin embargo, a pesar de los problemas, los autores consideran que estas nuevas familias aportan un aspecto positivo a la globalización, como es la creación de un espacio intermedio en el que practicar el arte de vivir juntos junto

This book focuses on the impact of digital media use for political engagement across varied geographic and political contexts, using a diversity of methodological approaches and datasets. The book addresses an important gap in the contemporary literature on digital politics, identifying context dependent and transcendent political consequences of digital media use. While the majority of the empirical work in this field has been based on studies from the United States and United Kingdom, this volume seeks to place those results into comparative relief with other regions of the world. It moves debates in this field of study forward by identifying system-level attributes that shape digital political engagement across a wide variety of contexts. The evidence analyzed across the fifteen cases considered in the book suggests that engagement with digital environments influences users' political orientations and that contextual features play a significant role in shaping digital politics.

Este libro presenta una serie de artículos sobre la cobertura de conflictos políticos y territoriales en España. Las investigaciones aplican el análisis de marcos interpretativos, discursos y narrativas a diversas muestras de contenido, sobretodo de prensa. Se analiza la cobertura mediática de las declaraciones de políticos sobre el modelo de Estado; la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional sobre el Estatut de Cataluña y la manifestación del 11J; la información sobre (i)legalización de partidos abertzales; las tentativas de reforma del Estatuto gallego; la pugna por el traslado de “los papeles de Salamanca” y los bienes sacros de Lleida a Barbastro; la prohibición de las corridas de toros en Cataluña y las controversias por la actividad de las selecciones autonómicas. El trabajo colectivo va precedido de un marco teórico sobre la mediatización del conflicto político y el estudio del discurso de los medios. En conjunto, el libro es una referencia ineludible tanto para estudiosos de la comunicación y del discurso, como para los interesados en la política, en las relaciones públicas y en el periodismo, así como para todo tipo de lectores inquietos ante el contexto político actual en el Estado de las autonomías.

A obra Análise automática do discurso, de Michel Pêcheux, considerada um dos marcos do nascimento da Análise do discurso francesa, pode também ser encarada como uma etapa de um projeto já em andamento. Trata-se do projeto teórico de Pêcheux, que começa a se desenhar nos primeiros artigos que autor publica entre 1966 e 1968, dois deles assinados com o pseudônimo de Thomas Herbert. O aparato teórico-conceitual apresentado e as temáticas desenvolvidas por Pêcheux na referida obra (e no decurso de sua trajetória teórica) possuem uma estreita relação com ideias e concepções desses textos, dedicados à reflexão sobre a ideologia, a história das ciências e a um método de análise do discurso. O livro de Claudiana Narzetti é voltado à reconstrução do período de constituição desse projeto, com ênfase na explicitação dos problemas que conduziram o autor da tarefa de elaboração de uma teoria das ideologias à construção da análise do discurso; das relações existentes entre esses dois projetos; da função que o instrumento análise do discurso desempenhava neles e do papel particular das três ciências que estão na sua base: Materialismo Histórico, Linguística e Psicanálise.

In the past decade, obesity has emerged as a major public health concern in the United States and abroad. At the federal, state, and local level, policy makers have begun drafting a range of policies to fight a war against fat, including body-mass index (BMI) report cards, "snack taxes," and laws to control how fast food companies market to children. As an epidemic, obesity threatens to weaken the health, economy, and might of the most powerful nation in the world.

In Killer Fat, Natalie Boero examines how and why obesity emerged as a major public health concern and national obsession in recent years. Using primary sources and in-depth interviews, Boero enters the world of bariatric surgeries, Weight Watchers, and Overeaters Anonymous to show how common expectations of what bodies are supposed to look like help to determine what sorts of interventions and policies are considered urgent in containing this new kind of disease.

Boero argues that obesity, like the traditional epidemics of biological contagion and mass death, now incites panic, a doomsday scenario that must be confronted in a struggle for social stability. The "war" on obesity, she concludes, is a form of social control. Killer Fat ultimately offers an alternate framing of the nation's obesity problem based on the insights of the "Healthy at Every Size" movement.

After 9/11, there was an increase in both the incidence of hate crimes and government policies that targeted Arabs and Muslims and the proliferation of sympathetic portrayals of Arabs and Muslims in the U.S. media. Arabs and Muslims in the Media examines this paradox and investigates the increase of sympathetic images of “the enemy” during the War on Terror.

Evelyn Alsultany explains that a new standard in racial and cultural representations emerged out of the multicultural movement of the 1991s that involves balancing a negative representation with a positive one, what she refers to as “simplified complex representations.” This has meant that if the storyline of a TV drama or film represents an Arab or Muslim as a terrorist, then the storyline also includes a “positive” representation of an Arab, Muslim, Arab American, or Muslim American to offset the potential stereotype. Analyzing how TV dramas such as The Practice, 24, Law and Order, NYPD Blue, and Sleeper Cell, news-reporting, and non-profit advertising have represented Arabs, Muslims, Arab Americans, and Muslim Americans during the War on Terror, this book demonstrates how more diverse representations do not in themselves solve the problem of racial stereotyping and how even seemingly positive images can produce meanings that can justify exclusion and inequality.

Media and the Riots – A Call For Action is the first report to examine the relationship between mainstream media and communities affected by the "riots" in English cities a year ago. It also looks at the role of social media and citizen journalism.

The comprehensive report, written by University of Leicester social scientist Dr Leah Bassel, comes from a conference in the UK held last November which was unique because it brought young people and community members living in riot affected areas face to face with media representatives including journalists. Media and the Riots – A Call For Action contains conclusions and recommendations that pave the way for much better future news reporting. Featuring a foreword by top media commentator Roy Greenslade, it has taken months of work to produce.

La educación para la recepción (ER) es un esfuerzo de carácter mundial por reducir los efectos nocivos de los medios en el receptor, y para generar en éste una actitud crítica, reflexiva independiente y creativa, que le permita reasumir su papel dinámico en el proceso de la comunicación, así como tomar una distancia óptima entre aquéllos y sus mensajes.
Los autores aportan la experiencia adquirida en este ámbito, en un objetivo que compromete al ser humano a utilizar los medios de comunicación en tanto recursos para su desarrollo integral y no como instrumentos de dominación o de comercialización indiscriminada.
En una época en que la mayor parte de la comunicación se da a través de los medios, los padres de familia, maestros, comunicólogos y público en general deben estar informados sobre las funciones y el manejo de los medios, para lograr un equilibrio entre los efectos de sus mensajes —procurando contrarrestar aquellos que sean negativos— y los beneficios mediáticos que son aplicables a la educación.